[19], On 20 June 1989, a sack filled with dynamite sticks was discovered near a beach house Falcone had rented in the town of Addaura by policeman Nino Agostino. More importantly, the Mafia’s last ditch effort to coerce the Italian State by intimidating the public after the Maxi Trial convictions was an ill-fated gamble because it forced the Italian State to come down even heavier on the Mafia due to the massive public outcry caused by the Falcone assassination as well as the Italian State’s own need to prove that it was in control of the Italian State and not the Mafia. Falcone was assassinated in a car bomb explosion, after the Italian Supreme Court had confirmed the convictions of top Mafia Bosses in the most successful Italian Mob Prosecution of the time dubbed, the ‘Maxi Trial’. [7] At the end of 1981, he finalised the Spatola case for trial, which enabled the prosecution to win 74 convictions, based on Falcone's “web of solid evidence, bank and travel records, seized heroin shipments, fingerprint and handwriting analyses, wiretapped conversations and firsthand testimony” that proved that “Sicily had replaced France as the principal gateway for refining and exporting heroin to the United States”. Giovanni Falcone (18 May 1939 – 23 May 1992) was an Italian[1][2] judge and prosecuting magistrate. Giovanni Brusca was tasked with killing Falcone. [3][5] Falcone's parents emphasised the importance of hard work, bravery and patriotism; he later said they 'expected the maximum' from him. He was murdered on 6 August 1980, on the orders of Inzerillo. [12], In this tense atmosphere, Falcone introduced an innovative investigative technique in the Spatola investigation, seizing bank records to follow "the money trail" created by heroin deals to build his case, applying the skills he had learned unravelling bankruptcies. Biography [29], Brusca detonated the device by remote control from a small outbuilding on a hill to the right of the highway on 23 May 1992. Although Falcone had been threatened before, this failed attempt bothered him in the extreme because it had all the signs of an inside job. As some of you may know, a bronze bust of Judge Falcone sits in the Falcone Memorial Garden at the FBI Academy in Quantico—an idea introduced by then-FBI Director Sessions after Judge Falcone’s assassination, and carried out by FBI Director Freeh during his tenure. [7] He was probably among the first Sicilian magistrates to establish working relationships with colleagues from other countries, thus developing an early understanding of the global dimensions of heroin trafficking, while enhancing the ridiculously meagre investigative resources of his office. All regular television programs were suspended. [28] 400 kilograms (881 lbs.) From his office in the Palace of Justice in Palermo, Sicily, he spent most of his professional life trying to overthrow the power of the Sicilian Mafia. of explosives were placed in a culvert under the highway between Palermo International Airport and the city of Palermo, near the town of Capaci. Falcone became so frustrated that he spoke of resigning. After an interview, Falcone became convinced that Buscetta was genuine and treated him with respect. The council of top bosses headed by Riina reacted by ordering the assassination of Salvatore Lima (on the grounds that he was an ally of Giulio Andreotti), and Falcone. [23] Unknown to Falcone the efforts to kill him were suspended while the Maxi trial verdicts went through the appeals process that had often set convicted Mafia members free. During 1988 Falcone collaborated with Rudolph Giuliani, at the time U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York, in operations against the Gambino and Inzerillo families. At the end of 1980 he visited the United States and started to work with the U.S. Justice Department, resulting in “some of the biggest international law enforcement operations in history” such as the Pizza Connection. [26], While in Rome he started to restructure the Italian prosecution system, creating district offices to fight the Mafia and a national office to fight organised crime. As boys, Falcone and Borsellino, who were born in the same neighbourhood, played soccer together on the Piazza Magione. On May 23, 1992, Mafia hit men detonated a roadside bomb that killed Giovanni Falcone, his wife, and three bodyguards as they drove near Palermo, Italy. The Falcone affair essentially forced the Italian State and all other Countries plagued by Organised Crime to confront the issue more directly. As a result, the Mafia faced even more Prosecutions and a decline in its Power in its home base followed, as the Italian State took stern measures to regain control and restore public confidence. The assassination … From his office in the Palace of Justice in Palermo, Sicily, he spent most of his professional life trying to overthrow the power of the Sicilian Mafia. Schneider, Jane T. & Peter T. Schneider (2003). [7][10], On 5 May 1980, Giuliano's successor in investigating the heroin network, Carabinieri captain Emanuele Basile, was killed. The next day, the prosecuting judge Gaetano Costa signed 55 arrest warrants against the heroin-trafficking network of the Spatola-Inzerillo-Gambino clan. In recognition of their tireless effort and sacrifice during the anti-mafia trials, they were both awarded the Italian "Medaglia d'oro al valore civile" (Gold medal for civil values). Both had classmates who ended up as mafiosi. He was assigned to the prosecutor's office in Trapani and Marsala, and then in 1978 to the bankruptcy court in Palermo. Following this assassination attempt, Falcone remarked to a colleague, “My life is mapped out: it is my destiny to take a bullet by the Mafia some day. Known for his long and distinguished career, which focused on fighting against the Sicilian Mafia, Falcone was assassinated by the Corleonesi clan in 1992. Judge Cesare Terranova, a former parliamentary deputy and Antimafia reformer who had been the main prosecutor of the Mafia in the 1960s, was to have headed this office, but he was killed on 25 September 1979. 23/05/2019 ... and we recognise that Judge Giovanni Falcone was a pioneer, with his activity and ideas, in developing the crucial strategic dimension of international judicial cooperation. This two-part miniseries tells the true story of famed Italian anti-Mafia judge Giovanni Falcone, from his initial investigations into the gangs of Sicily and New York to his assassination in May, 1992. A law to create a new offence of Mafia conspiracy, and confiscate Mafia assets was introduced by Pio La Torre but it had been stalled in parliament for two years, La Torre was murdered 30 April 1982. Parliament declared a day of mourning. [7] Falcone was given bodyguards the next day. On 23 May 1992, a bomb planted on the Parlemo Highway used by Falcone to travel to his home from the Airport exploded killing Falcone and his entourage. At the time, he was meeting Swiss prosecutors Carla Del Ponte and Claudio Lehman from Lugano who were helping to investigate the Mafia's financial holdings in Switzerland. [35] A monument to Falcone stands also at the FBI's National Academy in Virginia to honour his contributions to the "Pizza Connection" case. The murder of a State Official was a step too far and a terrible strategic mistake on the part of the Mafia. Giovanni Falcone was killed on May 23, 1992, on the orders of Mafia Boss, Salvatore “Totò” Riina. The council of top bosses headed by Riina reacted by ordering the assassination of Salvatore Lima (on the grounds that he was an ally of Giulio Andreotti), and Falcone. The Maxi trial sentences being upheld by the Supreme Court were a blow to the Mafia's prestige. The transfer was initially seen as a capitulation by Falcone, but he himself thought of it as a tactical move to better fight the Mafia. It followed the killing of a … [7], The Antimafia pool laid the groundwork for the Maxi Trial against the Sicilian Mafia at the preliminary investigative phase. On May 23 1992, magistrate Giovanni Falcone, his wife Francesca Morvillo and three of his bodyguards, Vito Schifano, Rocco Dicillo and Antonino Montinaro, were killed by the Mafia in a massive explosion that blew up the highway A29 Palermo-Punta Raisi, in proximity to the exit of Capaci. While Falcone drifted away from his parents' middle-class conservative Catholicism towards communism, Borsellino was religious and conservative; in his youth he had been a member of the Fronte Universitario d'Azione Nazionale [it] (FUAN), a right-wing university organisation affiliated with the neo-fascist Movimento Sociale Italiano. [36], U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Giovanni Falcone, Paolo Borsellino and the Procura of Palermo, Reversible Destiny: Mafia, Antimafia, and the Struggle for Palermo, "338 GUILTY IN SICILY IN A MAFIA TRIAL; 19 GET LIFE TERMS", Addaura, nuova verità sull'attentato a Falcone, "24 Top Mafia Figures Get Life Sentences in Sicily", Sicilian mafia killer's days out of jail provoke fury, "American mafia 'sent explosives expert' to help Sicilian mob assassinate crusading investigator", Cosa Nostra. The only thing I don’t know is when.” That day came not long after the Maxi Trial convictions were upheld by the … Giovanni Falcone died in May 1992, when 500 kilograms of explosives, packed into a highway culvert, were remotely detonated as Falcone drove over them. It is a defeat for everyone working for a … The Government simply could not be seen as failing to exert control, and as such, its hand to move against the Mafia more vigorously was forced by the Mafia’s decision to assassinate Falcone. Consequently, to this day, the murder of State Officials is no longer Mafia strategy because the Falcone assassination made the Mob realise that it did not want to incite a war against the Government, and that if it did, it could never win such a war. XXVII anniversary of the assassination of Giovanni Falcone, Palermo, Italy. The following year he killed a man during an argument and served six years in prison for manslaughter. [6], The Mafia was present in the area but quiescent; Tommaso Spadaro, a boy with whom he played ping-pong in the neighbourhood Catholic Action recreation centre, would later become a notorious Mafia smuggler and killer, but mafiosi were not a major presence in his childhood. Wikimedia The aftermath of the bombing carried out by Giovanni Brusca that killed Italian magistrate Giovanni Falcone near Capaci, Sicily on May 23, 1992. Of the 475 defendants—both those present and those tried in absentia—338 were convicted. Two months after Falcone’s assassination, Paolo Borsellino was killed by a car bomb also set by the mafia. [3] They were both killed in 1992, a few months apart. [7][14], Falcone was plagued by a chronic lack of resources in his capacity as magistrate. Giovanni Brusca later claimed that 'boss of bosses' Salvatore Riina had told him that after the assassination of Falcone [17], One of the most important factors in the trial was the testimony of Tommaso Buscetta, the first ever Sicilian Mafiosi boss to become an informant (pentito). Sicilian Boss, Salvatore Riina viewed Falcone’s triumph as ‘Humiliation’ and ordered a hit. Italy remembers Giovanni Falcone 27 years after his assassination — Il Globo In 1992, Brusca took part in the assassination of Giovanni Falcone, a prosecutor known for convicting Mafia members. [30], Thousands gathered at the Church of Saint Dominic for the funerals which were broadcast live on national TV. In May 1986, he married his fiancée, Francesca Morvillo; Falcone had Mayor Leoluca Orlando himself conduct the private ceremony. From 1980 to 1993, the story of the pool antimafia, guided by Rocco Chinnici with judges Paolo Borsellino and Giovanni Falcone in a desperate and unfortunate war against the mafia. Most important, they assumed collective responsibility for carrying Mafia prosecutions forward: all the members of the pool signed prosecutorial orders to avoid exposing any one of them to particular risk, such as the one that had cost judge Gaetano Costa his life. [3][7][8] Falcone grew up at a time when Sicilians did not acknowledge the existence of the Mafia as a coherent organised group; assertions to the contrary by other Italians were often seen as 'attacks from the north'. Falcone eventually gravitated toward penal law after serving as a district magistrate. They were also named as heroes of the last 60 years in the 13 November 2006 issue of Time Magazine. [7] A colleague was astonished to discover that Falcone, who had no computers at his disposal, was personally recording the details listed on printouts of transactions that he had requisitioned from every bank in Palermo province. Italian Mafia Hunter Giovanni Falcone Assassination Site & Memorial Capaci , Italy (IT) Falcone was killed with his wife Francesca Morvillo and three policemen: Rocco Di Cillo, Antonio Montinaro, and Vito Schifani, near Capaci on the motorway between Palermo International Airport and the city of … Their different political leanings did not thwart their friendship. Falcone and Borsellino met again at Palermo University. Giovanni Brusca, Mafia killing. Informant says American helped Cosa Nostra assassinate Giovanni Falcone in 1992 The anti-mafia investigator Giovanni Falcone, right, was murdered by the mafia in 1992. Giovanni Brusca was tasked with killing Falcone. In June 1989, a sack filled with dynamite was discovered by police near a beach house that Falcone rented out, but for some reason, the bomb never detonated. Riina wanted the murder carried out in Sicily in a demonstration of Mafia power; he instructed that the attack should be on Highway A29, which Falcone had to use to get from the airport to his home on his weekly visits. In Italian with English subtitles. Giovanni Falcone ottenne la medaglia d'oro al valor civile nel 1992 e fu poi nominato tra gli eroi degli ultimi 60 anni dalla rivista Time Magazine. With Falcone’s assassination on May 23, 1992, the Mafia launched an unprecedented war against the state. When Don Salvatore was sent up for life in 1993 for the 1992 assassination of Prosecutor Giovanni Falcone, Don Bernardo became Godfather and immediately established his position with a number of high-profile bombings including that of the Uffizi Art Gallery. In una sua famosa intervista, Giovanni Falcone aveva dichiarato "La mafia non è affatto invincibile. [15], Falcone's responsibilities as a magistrate put tremendous strain on his personal life. Following Chinnici's murder in July 1983, Antonino Caponnetto headed the pool. The Mafia began to realize that Falcone was even more dangerous in Rome than he had been in Palermo.[27]. [15] His colleague Paolo Borsellino was killed in another bombing 57 days later, along with five police officers: Agostino Catalano, Walter Cosina, Emanuela Loi, Vincenzo Li Muli, and Claudio Traina. Jan 16, 2020 - The assassination of Giovane Falcone and Paolo Borsellino after the Maxi Trial, and the downfall of the Sicilian Mafia under Salvatore Riina A half-ton bomb was placed under the motorway between Palermo International Airport and the city. Giovanni had two older sisters, Anna and Maria. [7] To the surprise of many, Falcone's move to Rome was very successful. Falcone believed that the assassination attempt not only involved the Mafia but some people in government as well. This premise became known as the Buscetta theorem. Riina was born and raised in Corleone and joined the local Mafia clan at the age of nineteen by committing a murder on their behalf. Falcone privately thought it odd that Andreotti, who he had never spoken to, would suddenly contact him, and he mused about the significance of the incident to a friend. The assassination of Anti-Mafia Prosecutor Giovanni Falcone in Palermo on May 23 1992 was a turning point in the war againt the Sicilian Mafia. The death of Carlo Gambino had sparked tension in the Gambino Family leading to the assassination of Gambino’s appointed successor, Paul Castellano by John Gotti who then took control of the Family. Giovanni Falcone, his wife Francesca Morvillo and body guards Rocco Dicillo, Antonio Montinaro and Vito Schifani were killed in the blast. Brusca and his associates planted a half-ton bomb below a street in Palermo; when Falcone’s car passed over the bomb, it was detonated remotely by Brusca. Falcone led the prosecution for the trial, which began 10 February 1986, and ended on 16 December 1987. The council of top bosses headed by Riina reacted by ordering the assassination of Salvatore Lima (on the grounds that he was an ally of Giulio Andreotti), and Falcone. Do NOT follow this link or you will be banned from the site. Falcone was assassinated in a car bomb explosion, after the Italian Supreme Court had confirmed the convictions of top Mafia Bosses in the most successful Italian Mob Prosecution of the time dubbed, the ‘Maxi Trial’. His assertion that the Mafia was not a collection of separate gangs but a single organisation led some magistrates and detectives to question his credibility. It was now clear exactly how far the Mafia was willing to go to preserve its position. Book Review: Masande Ntshanga's Triangulum, Why The Anunnaki Ancient Astronaut Aliens Left Earth, Sicilian Mafia: The Falcone Assassination, Falcone was assassinated in a car bomb explosion. Falcone wanted a naval career but his father thought him too independent-minded for the armed forces, and sent him to study law. [33], Reports in May 2019 indicated that a Cosa Nostra insider revealed that John Gotti of the Gambino crime family had sent one of their explosives experts to Sicily to work with the Corleonesi Mafia clan to help plan the bombing that would kill Falcone. [7][9], In early 1980, Falcone joined the ‘Office of Instruction’ (Ufficio istruzione), the investigative branch of the Prosecution Office of Palermo. His father, Arturo Falcone, the director of a provincial chemical laboratory, was married to Luisa Bentivegna. This was a group of investigating magistrates who closely worked together sharing information and developing new investigative and prosecutorial strategies. From Sicily heroin was moved to the Gambino crime family in New York, who were related to the Inzerillos. Chinnici appointed Falcone to investigate the case, one of the biggest Antimafia operations in more than a decade. Giovanni Falcone, his wife Francesca Morvillo and police officers Rocco Dicillo, Antonio Montinaro and Vito Schifani were killed in the blast. Giovanni Falcone (18 May 1939-23 May 1992) was an Italian judge and prosecuting magistrate. Lima was shot dead on 12 March 1992. Taking Terranova's place was Rocco Chinnici, who was murdered by the Mafia in 1983. In May 1982, the Italian government sent Carlo Alberto Dalla Chiesa, a general of the Italian Carabinieri, to Sicily with orders to crush the Mafia. A tall red monument stands in memory of Giovanni Falcone, his wife Francesca Morvillo and three bodyguards, who were killed by a 500-kilogram bomb attack against their motorcade on May 23, 1992. Sicilians rose up in outrage. It is an indisputable victory over the State and its laws. However, neither ever joined a political party, and although the ideologies of their political movements were diametrically opposed, they shared a history of opposing the Mafia. [13], He learned that the chemists of the French Connection had moved clandestine labs for refining heroin from Marseilles to Sicily. [34], Palermo International Airport has been named Falcone-Borsellino Airport in honor of the two judges and hosts a memorial of the pair by the local sculptor Tommaso Geraci. Monuments commemorating Falcone and the other victims of the Capaci bombing were placed around Italy, including in Peschiera del Garda. Director: Gianluca Maria Tavarelli | Stars: Giorgio Tirabassi, Ennio Fantastichini, Andrea Tidona, Antonino Bruschetta. Brusca's men carried out test drives, using flashbulbs to simulate detonating the blast on a speeding car, and a concrete structure was specially created and destroyed in an experimental explosion to see if the bomb would be powerful enough. Pim Fortuyn: 2002: 6 May. In response, the Italian government finally offered investigators the backing they needed, and Pio La Torre's law was passed 10 days later. Falcone's friend Antonio Cassara (who headed the police squad hunting fugitives) was murdered in 1985. Giovanni Falcone (Italian: [dʒoˈvanni falˈkoːne]; 18 May 1939 – 23 May 1992) was an Italian[1][2] judge and prosecuting magistrate. Lima was shot dead on March 12, 1992. Giovanni Falcone was an Italian anti-mafia prosecutor and magistrate killed, along with his wife and bodyguards, on the A29 motorway, near Capaci, on the orders of the Corleonesi Mafia, using a remote control bomb triggered by Giovanni Brusca who is serving multiple life sentences in jail. Along with Falcone, the group included Paolo Borsellino, Giuseppe Di Lell [it] and Leonardo Guarnotta [it]. Lima was shot dead on 12 March 1992. [18], When Falcone's record of success and high-profile led to resentment from some quarters, he was not given the job he coveted as chief prosecutor in Palermo. Coupled with efforts made by the FBI led by Prosecutor Rudi Giuliani (Who would later become the Mayor of New York) to build a landmark case under the RICO statute against the New York Mob’s top leadership, the temperature was rising for the Mob on all fronts, and things would never be the same again. [32] Another Mafioso convicted of the murder of Falcone is Giovanni Brusca, also known as lo scannacristiani (the people slaughterer). Giovanni Falcone (English Subtitled) is a series that is … Photograph: Associated Press The head of the Mafia Family in Corleone was Michele Navarra until 1958, when he was shot to death on the orders of Luciano Leggio, a ruthless 33-year-old Mafioso, who subsequently becam… The assassination of Anti-Mafia Prosecutor Giovanni Falcone in Palermo on May 23 1992 was a turning point in the war againt the Sicilian Mafia. The Maxi trial sentences being upheld by the Supreme Court were a blow to the Mafia's prestige. However, not long after arriving, on 3 September 1982, the General was gunned down in the city centre, his young wife by his side. The assassination of the investigator, Giovanni Falcone, took place on a highway near Palermo in the Mafia heartland. Meanwhile in the Mafia’s American base, events unfolding in New York would spell the end of the ‘old days’ for the Mob. Agostino and his wife were killed on 5 August 1989 outside their home, and Piazza on 15 March 1990. [16], He became part of Palermo's informal Antimafia Pool, created by Judge Rocco Chinnici. His life parallels that of his close friend Paolo Borsellino. [4], Falcone was born in 1939 to a middle-class family in the Via Castrofilippo near the seaport district La Kalsa, a neighbourhood of central Palermo that suffered extensive destruction by aerial attacks during the Allied invasion of Sicily in 1943. At school Falcone would get into fights with larger children if he thought his friends were being picked on. [6], After a classical education, Falcone studied law at the University of Palermo following a brief period of study at Livorno's naval academy. Falcone, his wife, and three police officers were killed in the blast. On 23 May 1992, Falcone, his wife and three bodyguards were killed by a bomb planted under the highway outside of Palermo. Italy on Wednesday marked the 27th anniversary of the Capaci massacre, in which anti-mafia magistrate Giovanni Falcone was killed along with his wife and three security officers. Only two months earlier, on 21 July 1979, Boris Giuliano had been assassinated; he headed the police investigation squad investigating heroin trafficking by the Mafia headed by Rosario Spatola and Salvatore Inzerillo. In 1992, judges Giovanni Falcone and Paolo Borsellino were assassinated after years of trying to take down the Sicilian mafia, in a case that shocked the nation and caused outrage. They both spent their early years in the same neighbourhood in Palermo. Giovanni Falcone’s work both in Sicily and outside of Sicily began to severely frustrate the mob. Leoluca Bagarella assisted at the scene during preparations. [31], In the major crackdown against the Mafia following Falcone and Borsellino's deaths, Riina was arrested on 15 January 1993, and was serving a life sentence, until his death in 2017, for sanctioning the murders of both magistrates as well as many other crimes. He achieved a genuine revolution in the judiciary. 2,665 years of prison sentences were shared out between the guilty, not including the life sentences handed to the 19 leading Mafia bosses and killers, including Michele Greco, Giuseppe Marchese and—in absentia—Salvatore Riina, Giuseppe Lucchese and Bernardo Provenzano. A history of the Sicilian Mafia, Excellent Cadavers: The Mafia and the Death of the First Italian Republic, Giovanni and Francesca Falcone Foundation, Grand Hotel des Palmes Mafia meeting 1957, Sicilian brigandage and rebels (20th century), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Giovanni_Falcone&oldid=1005166285, Articles with Italian-language sources (it), Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from May 2020, All articles needing additional references, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. [20] During the investigations into the money laundering networks of the Mafia, it became clear that former Palermo police chief Bruno Contrada, who had moved to the intelligence service SISDE, had warned a suspect about his impending arrest so that he could escape in time. The explosion was so powerful that it registered on local earthquake monitors. Though many of their childhood friends grew up in the Mafia background, both men fought on the other side of the war as prosecuting magistrates. This murder sparked outrage, and eventually the Assassins were arrested and convicted. [3][6], Graduating in 1961, Falcone began to practice law before being appointed a judge in 1964. He started to work at a particularly tense moment. In short, things were never the same again for the Mob in Sicily after the assassination of Falcone. [22][25], Exhausted and frustrated by the antagonism in Palermo, Falcone accepted a post in the Ministry of Justice in Rome offered to him by Claudio Martelli, the new minister of Justice in a new government of Giulio Andreotti in March 1991. Riina reportedly threw a party, toasting Falcone's death with champagne, according to the pentito Salvatore Cancemi. The Martelli decree led to the immediate re-arrest of the Mafia bosses. [11] Costa signed the indictments after virtually all of the other prosecutors in his office had declined to do so – a fact that leaked out of the office and eventually cost him his life. Outside the church, the politicians who attended were jeered and spat on, and blamed by Sicilians for tolerating the Mafia for so long. The inquiries extended to Turkey, an important stopover on the route of morphine base; to Switzerland, where bank secrecy laws facilitated money laundering; and to Naples where cigarette smuggling rings were being reconfigured as heroin operations. [21][22], Falcone received an effusive congratulatory phone call from Giulio Andreotti after the narrow escape. His first action was to prepare a decree to repair the disastrous sentence by Supreme Court judge Corrado Carnevale, known as the “sentence-killer”, that allowed most of the remaining defendants of the Maxi Trial to walk free from prison. After a long and distinguished career, culminating in the Maxi Trial in 1986–1987, on 23 May 1992, Falcone was assassinated by the Corleonesi Mafia in the Capaci bombing, on the A29 motorway near the town of Capaci. Home » Culture » Criminal Underworld » Sicilian Mafia: The Falcone Assassination. This page was last edited on 6 February 2021, at 08:33. Buscetta's key revelation was that a governing council, known as the Commission or Cupula headed a collective structure, thereby establishing that the top tier of Mafia members were complicit in all the organisation's crimes. Votes: 311 This two-part miniseries tells the true story of famed Italian anti-Mafia judge Giovanni Falcone, from his initial investigations into the gangs of Sicily and New York to his assassination in May, 1992. Sadly, 57 days after Falcone’s death, another leading anti-mafia Prosecutor, Paolo Borsellino was also killed in a Mafia Car bomb hit. He was one of Riina's associates, who admitted to being the one who detonated the explosives. The new incumbent did not accept that the hierarchical Mafia structure revealed by the Maxi Trial actually existed, and he attempted to force Falcone to work on cases of wife beating and car theft. [24] Later investigations into the murders of two police officers, Antonino Agostino and Emanuele Piazza, who worked for the secret service, revealed that they had secretly defused the bombs that had been placed by a Mafia commando aided by other secret service men.
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